Economía


Gobierno federal defiende nuevo paquete de aranceles para blindar 350 mil empleos en la industria mexicana

El gobierno federal dio a conocer este lunes la aplicación de un nuevo paquete arancelario dirigido a productos provenientes de países sin tratado de libre comercio con México, una medida que busca frenar prácticas de competencia desleal y proteger alrededor de 350 mil empleos, principalmente en sectores estratégicos de la manufactura.

Durante la conferencia matutina encabezada por la presidenta Claudia Sheinbaum, el secretario de Economía, Marcelo Ebrard, explicó que la iniciativa fue enviada al Congreso de la Unión por instrucción directa del Ejecutivo y aprobada tras un proceso de diálogo con legisladores, representantes industriales y socios comerciales. Subrayó que la decisión no responde a una lógica geopolítica ni está dirigida contra una nación en particular, sino a la necesidad de corregir distorsiones en el comercio que han impactado negativamente al empleo nacional.

Ebrard advirtió que, de no intervenir de manera oportuna, México enfrentaría en el corto plazo una pérdida masiva de puestos de trabajo. “Si no actuamos ahora, dentro de un año estaríamos discutiendo cómo recuperar 350 mil empleos que ya se habrían perdido”, señaló.

El titular de Economía detalló que los sectores más presionados por el crecimiento de importaciones a precios por debajo de los valores internacionales son el textil, vestido, calzado, siderurgia y la industria automotriz, esta última responsable de cerca de un tercio de los empleos manufactureros del país. Precisó que las importaciones automotrices han aumentado 34%, mientras que las de acero crecieron 12.4% en los últimos dos años; en tanto, el vestido registró un alza de 20.8% y el calzado de 22.3%.

El paquete contempla la modificación de 1,466 fracciones arancelarias distribuidas en 17 sectores estratégicos, con ajustes relevantes en autopartes, siderurgia, textil, vestido y aluminio. Ebrard explicó que algunos cambios respondieron a advertencias del sector privado sobre la imposibilidad de sustituir ciertos insumos en el corto plazo sin afectar la producción.

Asimismo, aclaró que los aranceles únicamente aplican a mercancías provenientes de países con los que México no mantiene acuerdos comerciales y que se conservarán esquemas de cupos para empresas que producen y exportan desde territorio nacional.

De acuerdo con lo expuesto, la presidenta Sheinbaum respaldó la medida al considerar que una acción preventiva permite proteger el empleo y fortalecer la industria nacional, en lugar de enfrentar un escenario de pérdida acelerada de puestos de trabajo.

Finalmente, se detalló que el paquete arancelario forma parte del Plan México, una estrategia integral que busca elevar en 15% el contenido nacional en las cadenas productivas, incrementar la inversión hasta el 28% del PIB y generar 1.5 millones de empleos, con un enfoque especial en el impulso a las pequeñas y medianas empresas.

15 diciembre, 2025
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